# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
# Copyright 2021 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""A federation sender that forwards things to be sent across replication to
a worker process.

It assumes there is a single worker process feeding off of it.

Each row in the replication stream consists of a type and some json, where the
types indicate whether they are presence, or edus, etc.

Ephemeral or non-event data are queued up in-memory. When the worker requests
updates since a particular point, all in-memory data since before that point is
dropped. We also expire things in the queue after 5 minutes, to ensure that a
dead worker doesn't cause the queues to grow limitlessly.

Events are replicated via a separate events stream.
"""

import logging
from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Dict,
    Hashable,
    Iterable,
    List,
    Optional,
    Sized,
    Tuple,
    Type,
)

import attr
from sortedcontainers import SortedDict

from synapse.api.presence import UserPresenceState
from synapse.federation.sender import AbstractFederationSender, FederationSender
from synapse.metrics import LaterGauge
from synapse.replication.tcp.streams.federation import FederationStream
from synapse.types import JsonDict, ReadReceipt, RoomStreamToken
from synapse.util.metrics import Measure

from .units import Edu

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from synapse.server import HomeServer

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


class FederationRemoteSendQueue(AbstractFederationSender):
    """A drop in replacement for FederationSender"""

    def __init__(self, hs: "HomeServer"):
        self.server_name = hs.hostname
        self.clock = hs.get_clock()
        self.notifier = hs.get_notifier()
        self.is_mine_id = hs.is_mine_id
        self.is_mine_server_name = hs.is_mine_server_name

        # We may have multiple federation sender instances, so we need to track
        # their positions separately.
        self._sender_instances = hs.config.worker.federation_shard_config.instances
        self._sender_positions: Dict[str, int] = {}

        # Pending presence map user_id -> UserPresenceState
        self.presence_map: Dict[str, UserPresenceState] = {}

        # Stores the destinations we need to explicitly send presence to about a
        # given user.
        # Stream position -> (user_id, destinations)
        self.presence_destinations: SortedDict[
            int, Tuple[str, Iterable[str]]
        ] = SortedDict()

        # (destination, key) -> EDU
        self.keyed_edu: Dict[Tuple[str, tuple], Edu] = {}

        # stream position -> (destination, key)
        self.keyed_edu_changed: SortedDict[int, Tuple[str, tuple]] = SortedDict()

        self.edus: SortedDict[int, Edu] = SortedDict()

        # stream ID for the next entry into keyed_edu_changed/edus.
        self.pos = 1

        # map from stream ID to the time that stream entry was generated, so that we
        # can clear out entries after a while
        self.pos_time: SortedDict[int, int] = SortedDict()

        # EVERYTHING IS SAD. In particular, python only makes new scopes when
        # we make a new function, so we need to make a new function so the inner
        # lambda binds to the queue rather than to the name of the queue which
        # changes. ARGH.
        def register(name: str, queue: Sized) -> None:
            LaterGauge(
                "synapse_federation_send_queue_%s_size" % (queue_name,),
                "",
                [],
                lambda: len(queue),
            )

        for queue_name in [
            "presence_map",
            "keyed_edu",
            "keyed_edu_changed",
            "edus",
            "pos_time",
            "presence_destinations",
        ]:
            register(queue_name, getattr(self, queue_name))

        self.clock.looping_call(self._clear_queue, 30 * 1000)

    def _next_pos(self) -> int:
        pos = self.pos
        self.pos += 1
        self.pos_time[self.clock.time_msec()] = pos
        return pos

    def _clear_queue(self) -> None:
        """Clear the queues for anything older than N minutes"""

        FIVE_MINUTES_AGO = 5 * 60 * 1000
        now = self.clock.time_msec()

        keys = self.pos_time.keys()
        time = self.pos_time.bisect_left(now - FIVE_MINUTES_AGO)
        if not keys[:time]:
            return

        position_to_delete = max(keys[:time])
        for key in keys[:time]:
            del self.pos_time[key]

        self._clear_queue_before_pos(position_to_delete)

    def _clear_queue_before_pos(self, position_to_delete: int) -> None:
        """Clear all the queues from before a given position"""
        with Measure(self.clock, "send_queue._clear"):
            # Delete things out of presence maps
            keys = self.presence_destinations.keys()
            i = self.presence_destinations.bisect_left(position_to_delete)
            for key in keys[:i]:
                del self.presence_destinations[key]

            user_ids = {user_id for user_id, _ in self.presence_destinations.values()}

            to_del = [
                user_id for user_id in self.presence_map if user_id not in user_ids
            ]
            for user_id in to_del:
                del self.presence_map[user_id]

            # Delete things out of keyed edus
            keys = self.keyed_edu_changed.keys()
            i = self.keyed_edu_changed.bisect_left(position_to_delete)
            for key in keys[:i]:
                del self.keyed_edu_changed[key]

            live_keys = set()
            for edu_key in self.keyed_edu_changed.values():
                live_keys.add(edu_key)

            keys_to_del = [
                edu_key for edu_key in self.keyed_edu if edu_key not in live_keys
            ]
            for edu_key in keys_to_del:
                del self.keyed_edu[edu_key]

            # Delete things out of edu map
            keys = self.edus.keys()
            i = self.edus.bisect_left(position_to_delete)
            for key in keys[:i]:
                del self.edus[key]

    def notify_new_events(self, max_token: RoomStreamToken) -> None:
        """As per FederationSender"""
        # This should never get called.
        raise NotImplementedError()

    def build_and_send_edu(
        self,
        destination: str,
        edu_type: str,
        content: JsonDict,
        key: Optional[Hashable] = None,
    ) -> None:
        """As per FederationSender"""
        if self.is_mine_server_name(destination):
            logger.info("Not sending EDU to ourselves")
            return

        pos = self._next_pos()

        edu = Edu(
            origin=self.server_name,
            destination=destination,
            edu_type=edu_type,
            content=content,
        )

        if key:
            assert isinstance(key, tuple)
            self.keyed_edu[(destination, key)] = edu
            self.keyed_edu_changed[pos] = (destination, key)
        else:
            self.edus[pos] = edu

        self.notifier.on_new_replication_data()

    async def send_read_receipt(self, receipt: ReadReceipt) -> None:
        """As per FederationSender

        Args:
            receipt:
        """
        # nothing to do here: the replication listener will handle it.

    def send_presence_to_destinations(
        self, states: Iterable[UserPresenceState], destinations: Iterable[str]
    ) -> None:
        """As per FederationSender

        Args:
            states
            destinations
        """
        for state in states:
            pos = self._next_pos()
            self.presence_map.update({state.user_id: state for state in states})
            self.presence_destinations[pos] = (state.user_id, destinations)

        self.notifier.on_new_replication_data()

    def send_device_messages(self, destination: str, immediate: bool = True) -> None:
        """As per FederationSender"""
        # We don't need to replicate this as it gets sent down a different
        # stream.

    def wake_destination(self, server: str) -> None:
        pass

    def get_current_token(self) -> int:
        return self.pos - 1

    def federation_ack(self, instance_name: str, token: int) -> None:
        if self._sender_instances:
            # If we have configured multiple federation sender instances we need
            # to track their positions separately, and only clear the queue up
            # to the token all instances have acked.
            self._sender_positions[instance_name] = token
            token = min(self._sender_positions.values())

        self._clear_queue_before_pos(token)

    async def get_replication_rows(
        self, instance_name: str, from_token: int, to_token: int, target_row_count: int
    ) -> Tuple[List[Tuple[int, Tuple]], int, bool]:
        """Get rows to be sent over federation between the two tokens

        Args:
            instance_name: the name of the current process
            from_token: the previous stream token: the starting point for fetching the
                updates
            to_token: the new stream token: the point to get updates up to
            target_row_count: a target for the number of rows to be returned.

        Returns: a triplet `(updates, new_last_token, limited)`, where:
           * `updates` is a list of `(token, row)` entries.
           * `new_last_token` is the new position in stream.
           * `limited` is whether there are more updates to fetch.
        """
        # TODO: Handle target_row_count.

        # To handle restarts where we wrap around
        if from_token > self.pos:
            from_token = -1

        # list of tuple(int, BaseFederationRow), where the first is the position
        # of the federation stream.
        rows: List[Tuple[int, BaseFederationRow]] = []

        # Fetch presence to send to destinations
        i = self.presence_destinations.bisect_right(from_token)
        j = self.presence_destinations.bisect_right(to_token) + 1

        for pos, (user_id, dests) in self.presence_destinations.items()[i:j]:
            rows.append(
                (
                    pos,
                    PresenceDestinationsRow(
                        state=self.presence_map[user_id], destinations=list(dests)
                    ),
                )
            )

        # Fetch changes keyed edus
        i = self.keyed_edu_changed.bisect_right(from_token)
        j = self.keyed_edu_changed.bisect_right(to_token) + 1
        # We purposefully clobber based on the key here, python dict comprehensions
        # always use the last value, so this will correctly point to the last
        # stream position.
        keyed_edus = {v: k for k, v in self.keyed_edu_changed.items()[i:j]}

        for (destination, edu_key), pos in keyed_edus.items():
            rows.append(
                (
                    pos,
                    KeyedEduRow(
                        key=edu_key, edu=self.keyed_edu[(destination, edu_key)]
                    ),
                )
            )

        # Fetch changed edus
        i = self.edus.bisect_right(from_token)
        j = self.edus.bisect_right(to_token) + 1
        edus = self.edus.items()[i:j]

        for pos, edu in edus:
            rows.append((pos, EduRow(edu)))

        # Sort rows based on pos
        rows.sort()

        return (
            [(pos, (row.TypeId, row.to_data())) for pos, row in rows],
            to_token,
            False,
        )


class BaseFederationRow:
    """Base class for rows to be sent in the federation stream.

    Specifies how to identify, serialize and deserialize the different types.
    """

    TypeId = ""  # Unique string that ids the type. Must be overridden in sub classes.

    @staticmethod
    def from_data(data: JsonDict) -> "BaseFederationRow":
        """Parse the data from the federation stream into a row.

        Args:
            data: The value of ``data`` from FederationStreamRow.data, type
                depends on the type of stream
        """
        raise NotImplementedError()

    def to_data(self) -> JsonDict:
        """Serialize this row to be sent over the federation stream.

        Returns:
            The value to be sent in FederationStreamRow.data. The type depends
            on the type of stream.
        """
        raise NotImplementedError()

    def add_to_buffer(self, buff: "ParsedFederationStreamData") -> None:
        """Add this row to the appropriate field in the buffer ready for this
        to be sent over federation.

        We use a buffer so that we can batch up events that have come in at
        the same time and send them all at once.

        Args:
            buff (BufferedToSend)
        """
        raise NotImplementedError()


@attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
class PresenceDestinationsRow(BaseFederationRow):
    state: UserPresenceState
    destinations: List[str]

    TypeId = "pd"

    @staticmethod
    def from_data(data: JsonDict) -> "PresenceDestinationsRow":
        return PresenceDestinationsRow(
            state=UserPresenceState.from_dict(data["state"]), destinations=data["dests"]
        )

    def to_data(self) -> JsonDict:
        return {"state": self.state.as_dict(), "dests": self.destinations}

    def add_to_buffer(self, buff: "ParsedFederationStreamData") -> None:
        buff.presence_destinations.append((self.state, self.destinations))


@attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
class KeyedEduRow(BaseFederationRow):
    """Streams EDUs that have an associated key that is ued to clobber. For example,
    typing EDUs clobber based on room_id.
    """

    key: Tuple[str, ...]  # the edu key passed to send_edu
    edu: Edu

    TypeId = "k"

    @staticmethod
    def from_data(data: JsonDict) -> "KeyedEduRow":
        return KeyedEduRow(key=tuple(data["key"]), edu=Edu(**data["edu"]))

    def to_data(self) -> JsonDict:
        return {"key": self.key, "edu": self.edu.get_internal_dict()}

    def add_to_buffer(self, buff: "ParsedFederationStreamData") -> None:
        buff.keyed_edus.setdefault(self.edu.destination, {})[self.key] = self.edu


@attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
class EduRow(BaseFederationRow):
    """Streams EDUs that don't have keys. See KeyedEduRow"""

    edu: Edu

    TypeId = "e"

    @staticmethod
    def from_data(data: JsonDict) -> "EduRow":
        return EduRow(Edu(**data))

    def to_data(self) -> JsonDict:
        return self.edu.get_internal_dict()

    def add_to_buffer(self, buff: "ParsedFederationStreamData") -> None:
        buff.edus.setdefault(self.edu.destination, []).append(self.edu)


_rowtypes: Tuple[Type[BaseFederationRow], ...] = (
    PresenceDestinationsRow,
    KeyedEduRow,
    EduRow,
)

TypeToRow = {Row.TypeId: Row for Row in _rowtypes}


@attr.s(slots=True, frozen=True, auto_attribs=True)
class ParsedFederationStreamData:
    # list of tuples of UserPresenceState and destinations
    presence_destinations: List[Tuple[UserPresenceState, List[str]]]
    # dict of destination -> { key -> Edu }
    keyed_edus: Dict[str, Dict[Tuple[str, ...], Edu]]
    # dict of destination -> [Edu]
    edus: Dict[str, List[Edu]]


def process_rows_for_federation(
    transaction_queue: FederationSender,
    rows: List[FederationStream.FederationStreamRow],
) -> None:
    """Parse a list of rows from the federation stream and put them in the
    transaction queue ready for sending to the relevant homeservers.

    Args:
        transaction_queue
        rows
    """

    # The federation stream contains a bunch of different types of
    # rows that need to be handled differently. We parse the rows, put
    # them into the appropriate collection and then send them off.

    buff = ParsedFederationStreamData(
        presence_destinations=[],
        keyed_edus={},
        edus={},
    )

    # Parse the rows in the stream and add to the buffer
    for row in rows:
        if row.type not in TypeToRow:
            logger.error("Unrecognized federation row type %r", row.type)
            continue

        RowType = TypeToRow[row.type]
        parsed_row = RowType.from_data(row.data)
        parsed_row.add_to_buffer(buff)

    for state, destinations in buff.presence_destinations:
        transaction_queue.send_presence_to_destinations(
            states=[state], destinations=destinations
        )

    for edu_map in buff.keyed_edus.values():
        for key, edu in edu_map.items():
            transaction_queue.send_edu(edu, key)

    for edu_list in buff.edus.values():
        for edu in edu_list:
            transaction_queue.send_edu(edu, None)
